Wild Life Protection Areas - Himachal Pradesh PCS Free Notes

Rajasthan is noted for its National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. There are three national parks viz. the Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur, Ranthambore National Park of Sawai Madhopur, and Mukundara Hills National Park of Kota.

Ranthambore National Park and Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary are both known worldwide for their tiger population and considered by both wilderness lovers and photographers as the best places in India to spot tigers. Prominent among the wildlife sanctuaries are Mount Abu Sanctuary, Bhainsrod Garh Sanctuary, Jaisamand Sanctuary, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Jawahar Sagar sanctuary and Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary.

National Parks

S.No.	Protected Area	District(s)	Area(Km.2)	Main wild life
1.	Ranthambore	Sawai Madhopur	282.03	Tiger, Panther, Bear, Sambhar, Chital
2.	Keola-dev (Ghana)	Bharatpur	28.73	Resident and migratory Birds, Chital, Python, Blue Bull, Sambhar
3.	Mukundra hills (Darrah)	Kota, Chhitorgarh	199.55	Panther, Chinkara, Bear, Chital, hyena, wild boar

Sanctuaries

S. No.	Protected Area	District(s)	Area(Km.2)	Main wild life
1.	Bandh-baretha	Bharatpur	199.24	Resident and migratory Birds
2.	Sariska	Alwar	492.29	Tiger, Panther, Chital, Sambhar, Porcupine
3.	Sariska ‘A’	Alwar	3.01	Sambhar, Chital, Panther
4.	Desert National Park	Jaisalmer, Barmer	3162	Chinkara, Desert Cat, Fox, Great Indian Bustard
5.	Ramgarh- Vishdhari	Bundi	307	Panther, hyena, Sloth Bear, jackal, Fox, Chital
6.	Kesar Bagh	Dholpur	14.76	Wolf, hyena, Fox, Chital
7.	Ram Sagar	Dholpur	34.40	Wolf, hyena, Fox, Chital
8.	Van Vihar	Dholpur	25.60	Bear, Wolf, Chital, hyena, Fox, Wild Cat
9.	Kaila-devi	Karauli, Sawai madhopur	676.82	Panther, Chital, Chinkara, Sambhar, Bear, hyena, Wild Boar, Wolf
10.	Sitamata	Chhitorgarh, Udaipur	422.94	Flying Squirrel, Panther, Wild Cat, Sambhar, hyena, Civet
11.	Bhainsrod-garh	Chhitorgarh	201.4	Panther, Sloth Bear, Four horned antelope, Chinkara, hyena, Fox
12.	Sher-garh	Baran	81.67	Panther, Chital, Chinkara, Wild Boar
13.	Darrah	Kota, Jhalawar	239.76	Panther, Wolf, Jackal, Chital, Fox, Sambhar, Sloth Bear, Porcupine
14.	Jawahar Sagar	Kota, Bundi, Chhitorgarh	220.09	Panther, Bear, Wolf, Ghariyal, Crocodile, Chital, Hyena, Fox, Jackal
15.	National Chambal Ghariyal	S. madhopur, Bundi, Karauli, Dholpur, Kota,	280	Ghariyal, Crocodile, Tortoise, Dolphin, Bear, Chinkara, Otter
16.	Bassi	Chhitorgarh	138.69	Chital, Chinkara, Panther, Hyena, Wild Cat
17.	Tal-Chhapar	Churu	7.19	Black Buck, Resident birds,
18.	Nahar-garh	Jaipur	52.4	Hyena, Jackal, Fox, Hare
19.	Jamwa-Ramgarh	Jaipur	300	Panther, Chital, Wild Boar, Hyena, Jackal
20.	Sajjan-garh	Udaipur	5.19	Panther, Hyena, Wild Cat, Jackal, Fox
21.	Phulwari- ki- naal	Udaipur	511.4	Panther, Hyena, Wild Cat, Jackal, Fox
22.	Todgarh-Raoli	Rajsamand, Pali, Ajmer	475.23	Panther, Hyena, Wolf, Green Pigeon, Jungle fowl
23.	Jaisamand	Udaipur	52.34	Resident Birds, Hyena, Jackal, Chinkara
24.	Kumbhal-garh	Udaipur, Pali, Rajsamand	610.528	Panther, Sloth Bear, Hyena, wild boar, Four Horned antelope, Sambhar
25.	Mount Abu	Sirohi	326.1	Panther, Bear, Hyena, Wolf, Porcupine
26.	Sawai Man Singh	Sawai madhopur	113.07	Tiger, Panther, Hyena, Fox, Bear, Chital, Sambhar

Conservation Reserves

Conservation Reserves can be declared by the State Governments in any area owned by the Government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and Sanctuaries and those areas which link one Protected Area with another. Such declaration is made after having consultations with the local communities. Conservation Reserves are declared for the purpose of protecting landscapes, flora and fauna and their habitat. The rights of people living inside a Conservation Reserve are not affected. The areas declared as conservation reserves in the State of Rajasthan are:

S. No.	Protected Area	District(s)	Area(Km.2)	Main wild life
1.	Bisalpur Reserve	Tonk	48.31	Black Buck, Wolf, jackal, Hyena,
2.	Jod Beed Gaadwala	Bikaner	56.46	Black Buck, Wild Cat, wild boar
3.	Sundha Mata	Jalore, Sirohi	117.49	Panther, Bear, Wolf, Hyena, Chinkara
4.	Gudha Vishnoiyan	Jodhpur	2.31	Chinkara, Black Buck, Wild boar
5.	Shakambhari	Sikar	131	Sambhar, Porcupine, Fox, wild Cat, Hyena
6.	Gogelao	Nagaur	3.58	Chinkara, Hare, Black Buck
7.	Bir Jhunjhunu	Jhunjhunu	10.47	Hare, Hedge-hog, Resident and Migratory Birds
8.	Rotu	Nagaur	0.73	Chinkara, Hare, Black Buck
9.	Ummed Ganj	Kota	2.78	Resident and migratory birds
10.	Jawai-bandh	Pali	19.78	Panther, Crocodile, Four Horned Antelope

Community Reserves

Community Reserves can be declared by the State Government in any private or community land not comprised within a National Park, Sanctuary or a Conservation Reserve, where an individual or a community has volunteered to conserve wildlife and its habitat. Community Reserves are declared for the purpose of protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and practices. As in the case of a Conservation Reserve, the rights of people living inside a Community Reserve are not affected. Though no area in the State has so far been declared as community reserve but efforts in this regard are on.

Community Based Conservation Initiatives

Even as rampant destruction of the environment, in its varied forms and associated efforts, continue to rise, there have been practices among communities in the State where people themselves have protected and nurtured biodiversity. Across the State, there are numerous examples of areas that might not have been designated as protected areas as per the existing Act and Rules, yet are rich in biodiversity due to substantial involvement and protection by local communities. Nearly 50% of wildlife species are found outside the traditional protected area network. The communities have volunteered to conserve wild life and its habitat in these areas. Action of communities can play a significant role in protecting biodiversity. These initiatives are indeed progressive, as they could help conserve and sustainably manage various community conserved biodiversity rich sites in the State, which may at times need a legal backing. Administration of such areas is through local people and local agencies like the Gram panchayats, as in the case of community forests. The contribution of ‘Vishnoi Community’ is unparallel in this regard.

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