HPPSC HAS Mains 2021 Paper-1

Sikhs and Hill States’ Relations: A Critical Discussion (Late 18th – Early 19th Century) Introduction: The late 18th and early 19th centuries witnessed a period of significant interaction – often marked by conflict – between the rising Sikh empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the various hill states of the Himalayas. These states, encompassing regions … Read more Discuss critically the Sikhs and Hill states’ relations during the later 18th century and the first phase of the 19th century.

The Rise and Uneven Growth of Modern Industry in India under British Rule Introduction: The arrival of the British East India Company and subsequent British rule profoundly impacted India’s economic landscape. While the period witnessed the emergence of modern industries, their growth was far from uniform and often detrimental to traditional Indian manufacturing. This essay … Read more Give a detailed account of the rise of modern industry in India during British Rule. What were the causes of its slow and unbalanced growth?

How Does the Physiography of India Affect its Climate? Introduction: India’s diverse climate is a direct consequence of its complex physiography. Physiographic features, encompassing landforms, elevation, and water bodies, significantly influence temperature, rainfall patterns, and overall weather conditions. India’s vast geographical expanse, stretching from the snow-capped Himalayas to the tropical southern peninsula, contributes to this … Read more How does the physiography of India affect its climate? Explain with examples.

The Evolution and Aspects of the Basholi Painting Style Introduction: Basholi painting, a vibrant and distinctive style of Pahari painting, flourished in the late 17th and 18th centuries in the Basohli region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It’s characterized by its bold colors, dramatic compositions, and unique stylistic features that set it apart from other … Read more Throw light on the evolution and different aspects of the “Basholi style” of painting.

A Critical Note on the Concept of Socialism Introduction: Socialism, a complex and multifaceted ideology, represents a broad range of socio-economic theories and political movements advocating for social ownership and control of the means of production and distribution of goods and services. Unlike capitalism, which prioritizes private ownership and free markets, socialism emphasizes collective ownership … Read more Write a critical note on the concept of “Socialism.” Also, discuss its salient features.

Introduction: Karewas are extensive lacustrine deposits, essentially flat-topped terraces, found primarily in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. These unique geological formations are crucial to the region’s landscape, agriculture, and cultural heritage. Their formation is linked to the geological history of the Kashmir Valley, specifically the glacial activity and the … Read more Highlight the major geographical characteristics of Karewas.

Pilgrimage Tourism and Cultural Integration in India Introduction: Pilgrimage tourism, a significant segment of the global tourism industry, involves travel to sacred sites for religious or spiritual purposes. Unlike leisure tourism, it’s driven by deeply held beliefs and often involves participation in rituals and ceremonies. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) highlights the substantial economic contribution … Read more What is pilgrimage tourism? Do you think this could be a model for the promotion of cultural integration in India?

The Transformation of Himachal’s Traditional Rituals and Customs: A Balancing Act Introduction: Himachal Pradesh, a state in northern India, boasts a rich tapestry of traditional rituals and customs deeply intertwined with its unique geography, history, and social fabric. These practices, often passed down through generations, reflect a profound connection with nature, spirituality, and community. However, … Read more Traditional rituals and customs among the people of Himachal have been undergoing transformations due to modernization and market forces. What is your opinion on this statement, and how do you think these social practices could be saved from extinction?

The Rise of Pompous and Exhibitionist Marriages in Himachal Pradesh: Socio-Economic Factors Introduction: Himachal Pradesh, known for its rich cultural heritage and relatively conservative social fabric, is witnessing a growing trend of extravagant and ostentatious marriages. This shift from traditional, simpler ceremonies to increasingly pompous and exhibitionist affairs is a complex phenomenon rooted in socio-economic … Read more Explain the main socio-economic reasons behind the increasing trend of pompousness and exhibitionism in marriages in Himachal society.

Sustainable Development in Himachal Pradesh: Balancing Progress with Preservation Introduction: Development, while crucial for improving living standards, often carries environmental and social costs. Himachal Pradesh, a state renowned for its natural beauty and biodiversity, faces a unique challenge: balancing economic growth with the preservation of its fragile ecosystem and rich cultural heritage. The state’s economy … Read more Development has a cost element attached to it. What would be your suggestion for sustainable development in Himachal Pradesh?